What is Indian Classical Dance? Understanding Bharatanatyam Basics

1-Introduction to Bharatanatyam
2-History and Origins of Bharatanatyam
3-Techniques and Movements in Bharatanatyam
4-Significance of Bharatanatyam in Indian Culture
5-Learn Bharatanatyam: Starting Your Journey

1-Introduction to Bharatanatyam

Bharatanatyam is one of the most prominent forms of Indian classical dance, known for its grace, expressive storytelling, and intricate movements. Rooted in the temples of Tamil Nadu, it is not only a form of dance but also a deeply spiritual art that tells stories through gestures, facial expressions, and rhythm. Whether you're a dancer or simply a lover of culture, understanding the basics of Bharatanatyam can offer a deeper appreciation for its significance and beauty.In this article, we will explore the origins of Bharatanatyam, its key techniques, the cultural significance, and how you can begin your journey to learn this beautiful art form.

2-History and Origins of Bharatanatyam

Bharatanatyam traces its origins to the temples of Tamil Nadu in South India, where it was traditionally performed as a sacred offering to deities. It is one of the oldest and most well-preserved dance forms in India, with roots that date back over 2,000 years. The dance was initially performed by Devadasis (temple dancers) in temple courtyards to invoke blessings and express devotion through dance.Historically, Bharatanatyam was known by different names such as "Sadir," but it underwent a major transformation in the early 20th century when it was redefined by pioneers like Rukmini Devi Arundale. These reformers helped bring Bharatanatyam out of the temples and into the concert stage, making it accessible to a broader audience while retaining its cultural and spiritual essence.

3-Techniques and Movements in Bharatanatyam

Bharatanatyam is distinct from other dance forms due to its combination of precise footwork, expressive hand gestures (mudras), and facial expressions (abhinaya). Here are the key components that define this art form:Adavus (Basic Steps): Adavus are the fundamental steps that form the building blocks of Bharatanatyam. These steps involve intricate footwork and hand movements, often performed in rhythmic patterns. Adavus serve as the foundation for all other movements in the dance.Mudras (Hand Gestures): In Bharatanatyam, hand gestures or mudras are used to convey meaning and tell stories. There are hundreds of mudras, each representing a specific emotion or action. These gestures are essential for communicating the narrative of the dance.Abhinaya (Expressive Acting): The facial expressions in Bharatanatyam, known as abhinaya, are key to conveying the emotional depth of the dance. Through movements of the eyes, eyebrows, lips, and face, the dancer can evoke feelings such as joy, sorrow, love, and anger, creating a strong emotional connection with the audience.Nritta (Rhythmic Dance): Nritta refers to the purely rhythmic and technical aspect of Bharatanatyam, where the focus is on intricate footwork and synchronization with the music. It is performed without any specific storyline, emphasizing the beauty of rhythm and movement.Nritya (Expressive Dance): Nritya combines the elements of nritta with storytelling through facial expressions and gestures. It involves narrating a story or theme, often from Indian mythology, using movement and expression.

4-Significance of Bharatanatyam in Indian Culture

Bharatanatyam is not only an art form but also a reflection of Indian cultural values and spiritual beliefs. The dance is often used to express devotion, with performances typically depicting stories from Hindu mythology, particularly those involving deities like Lord Shiva, Vishnu, and Lakshmi.Beyond its religious significance, Bharatanatyam plays a crucial role in preserving India's rich cultural heritage. It allows for the transmission of ancient traditions from one generation to the next. The practice of Bharatanatyam promotes discipline, focus, and emotional depth, making it a powerful tool for personal growth.In modern times, Bharatanatyam has transcended its temple origins and become a popular form of classical performance in global cultural festivals, theaters, and dance competitions. It serves as a bridge connecting tradition and contemporary performance art.

5-Learn Bharatanatyam: Starting Your Journey

If you are interested in learning Bharatanatyam, it’s essential to begin with the right foundation. Here are some steps to help you get started:Find a Qualified Teacher: The guidance of an experienced and knowledgeable instructor is crucial to learning Bharatanatyam. Seek out a dance school or guru who specializes in traditional techniques. If you’re in the US, consider exploring local dance studios or online classes.Start with the Basics: Begin by learning the basic adavus and mudras. These foundational steps will help build your understanding of rhythm, coordination, and the emotional expressions that are at the heart of Bharatanatyam.Practice Consistently: Like any classical dance form, Bharatanatyam requires dedication and regular practice. Set aside time each week to work on your technique and refine your movements. The more you practice, the more fluid and expressive your performance will become.Immerse Yourself in the Music and Stories: Bharatanatyam is deeply intertwined with classical Indian music and storytelling. Familiarize yourself with the music (Carnatic music is most commonly used) and the mythology behind the stories you will eventually perform.Join a Community: Being part of a dance community will help you stay motivated and inspired. Attend performances, participate in workshops, and connect with fellow dancers to share experiences and learn from each other.

Conclusion

Bharatanatyam is a beautiful and ancient art form that combines intricate dance techniques, storytelling, and cultural expression. Its rich history, combined with its emotional depth and spiritual significance, makes it one of the most respected forms of classical dance in India and around the world.If you're passionate about learning this art, starting with the basics and practicing consistently will set you on the path to mastery. Whether you are a dancer or simply someone interested in the cultural richness of India, Bharatanatyam offers a powerful way to connect with tradition and art.For those interested in exploring more about Bharatanatyam or looking for classes to begin their journey, visit Creative Edge Dance Studio for more resources and guidance.